运镜简单来说，就是短视频拍摄时通过移动机位，或者改变镜头，来拍摄出不同的画面效果。

Simply put, camera operation refers to the process of shooting short videos by moving the camera or changing the lens to create different visual effects.

通过不同的运镜手法，拍摄出不同的短视频画面效果，也是短视频拍摄必备的技能。

By using different camera techniques to capture different short video effects, it is also a necessary skill for short video shooting.

推镜头：摄像机镜头与画面逐渐靠近，画面外框逐渐缩小，画面内的景物逐渐放大，使观众的视线从整体看到某一局部。

Push lens: The camera lens gradually approaches the image, the outer frame of the image gradually shrinks, and the scenery inside the image gradually enlarges, allowing the audience's line of sight to see a certain part from the whole.

拉镜头：对着人物或景物向后拉远所摄取的画面。

Pull lens: The image taken by pulling back towards a person or scene.

摇镜头：摄像机机位不动，变动摄像机光学镜头轴线的拍摄方法。

Pan lens: The shooting method of changing the axis of the camera's optical lens when the camera is stationary.

移镜头：摄像机在水平方向，按一定运动轨迹进行的运动拍摄。

Moving the lens: The camera moves horizontally and follows a certain trajectory for shooting.

跟镜头：电影摄影机跟踪运动着的被摄对象进行拍摄的摄影方法。

Following the camera: A photography method in which a movie camera tracks a moving subject for shooting.

升、降镜头：摄影机在垂直方向上做上下运动所拍摄的画面。与推拉镜头相似，同时升降镜头的速度可以营造不同戏剧效果。

Up and down lens: The image captured by a camera moving up and down in a vertical direction. Similar to a push-pull lens, the speed of raising and lowering the lens can create different dramatic effects.

俯拍：从上往下拍摄。视角在物体上方，适合表现宏大的场景。可以通过和广角镜头的配合，达到一种近大远小的夸张变现的戏剧效果。

Head down: Shoot from top to bottom. The perspective is above the object, suitable for representing grand scenes. By combining it with a wide-angle lens, a dramatic effect can be achieved that exaggerates the size of the scene.

仰拍：从下往上拍摄。视角在物体下方。可以使人物高大凸显其形象，有赞美歌颂的意味在里面。

Up shot: Shoot from bottom to top. The perspective is below the object. It can make characters stand tall and highlight their image, with a sense of praise and praise inside.

平拍：平行于被摄物体的角度拍摄。与人眼视角相同，给人真实，自然的感觉。公众号：国仁猫哥

Flat shot: shooting at an angle parallel to the subject. The same perspective as the human eye, giving people a realistic and natural feeling. Official account: Guoren Maoge

变焦拍摄：通过改变焦点的位置，实现画面由实到虚或者由虚到实。配合长焦镜头与小景深，在拍摄静物时能达到比较好的效果。

Zoom shooting: By changing the position of the focus, the image can be changed from real to virtual or from virtual to real. Combined with a telephoto lens and a small depth of view, it can achieve good results when shooting still life.

主观拍摄：以主人公的视角进行拍摄，类似与游戏中的--人称视角。能让观众快速融入视频内容里面，带入感强，表达方式简单明了，叙事明确。

Subjective shooting: Shooting from the perspective of the protagonist, similar to the first person perspective in games. It allows the audience to quickly integrate into the video content, with a strong sense of immersion, a simple and clear expression, and a clear narrative.